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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Mean log deviation ： ウィキペディア英語版 Mean log deviation In statistics and econometrics, the mean log deviation (MLD) is a measure of income inequality. The MLD is zero when everyone has the same income, and takes on larger positive values as incomes become more unequal, especially at the high end. == Definition == The MLD of household income has been defined as〔Jonathan Haughton and Shahidur R. Khandker. 2009. ''The Handbook on Poverty and Inequality''. Washington, DC: The World Bank.〕 : $$ \mathrm=\frac\sum_^N \ln \frac where N is the number of households, $x\_i$ is the income of household ''i'', and $\backslash overline$ is the mean of $x\_i$. Naturally the same formula can be used for positive variables other than income and for units of observation other than households. Equivalent definitions are : $$ \mathrm=\frac\sum_^N (\ln \overline - \ln x_i) =\ln \overline - \overline where $\backslash overline$ is the mean of ln(''x''). The last definition shows that MLD is nonnegative, since $\backslash ln$ by Jensen's inequality. MLD has been called "the standard deviation of ln(''x'')",〔 but this is not correct. The standard deviation of ln(''x'') would be : $$ \mathrm =\sqrt\sum_^N (\ln x_i - \overline)^2} E.g., for the standard lognormal distribution, MLD = 1/2 but SDL = 1. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mean log deviation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.